Tuesday, 3 February 2009

Make and Do

Some students of English usually mistake make for do and vice-versa.
According to the Practical English Usage by Michael Swan, do is used:
  • to talk about an indefinite activity: "do something/ nothing/ anything."
  • when referring to work or jobs: "do the ironing/ the painting/ your job/ the shopping"
  • with ING forms and a determiner (the, much, my, some) in a sentence expressing hobbie or activity that takes a certain amount of time: "the talking/ some damage/ my washing"
  • instead of make when the result of the action doesn't carry much importance (something ordinary.): "I'll do the dinner" instead of "I will make a fancy dinner for our guests."

Make on the other hand has a more limited use:

  • when talking about a constructing, creating or building something: "I will make a house up the hill/ We made the perfect plan/ Let's make a cake".

Fixed Expressions

  • do good, harm, business, a favor, sports, exercise, one's hair, 80km/h
  • make arrangements, a journey, a suggestion, an offer, a decision, an attempt, an effort, an excuse, a phone call, a noise, a fortune, a profit, love, peace, war, one's bed, fire, progress.

I would say that for most of teh cases, we use do instead of make although there are plenty of exceptions.

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